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The 25 Most Influential Hispanics In America Inside America's Largest Minority
TIME's poll of U.S. Hispanics
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Posted Sunday, Aug. 14, 2005
BY THE NUMBERS
The U.S. Hispanic population has increased 17% in the past four years, to 41.3 million. Hispanics are projected to account for 46% of all U.S. population growth over the next 20 years. Although only 62% of all U.S. Hispanic adults have finished high school, 84% of U.S.-born Hispanics graduate. The median net worth of Hispanic households is $7,932, less than one-tenth the figure for non-Hispanic whites, $88,651. There were 1.6 million Hispanic-owned firms in the U.S. in 2002, a 30% increase since 1997. U.S. Hispanic workers sent an estimated $30 billion home to Latin American countries in 2003
ORIGINS AND IMMIGRATION
Today Hispanics are 14% of the U.S. population. About half were born outside the U.S., but most want to blend into American society
Country of ancestry
Mexico � 58%
Puerto Rico � 10%
Spain � 5%
Cuba � 5%
Dominican Rep. � 4%
U.S. � 4%
El Salvador � 2%
Portugal � 1%
All others � 11%
Place of birth:
Mainland U.S. 46%
Elsewhere 49%
Puerto Rico: 5%
Primary language spoken at home:
Spanish 43%
English 32%
Both 23%
Other/No answer: 2%
How important is it for Latinos to blend into the larger U.S. society?
Very important 64%
Somewhat important 24%
Not too important: 5%
Not at all important: 3%
Don�t know: 4%
Is legal immigration ...
... good for the U.S.? 65%
... bad for the U.S.? 17%
It depends/don�t know 17%
How much legal immigration should the U.S. allow?
More 32%
Less 17%
Same as now 41%
How serious a problem is illegal immigration?
61%
�Extremely 29%
�Very 32%
35%
�Somewhat 22%
�Not very 13%
Are illegal immigrants ...
... taking jobs from U.S. citizens? 14%
... taking jobs U.S. citizens don�t want? 74%
POLITICS AND ISSUES
Hispanics tend to be Democrats, but President Bush grabbed a significant share of their votes in 2004. Education and jobs are top concerns
Political affiliation:
Democrat 38%
Independent 22%
Republican 16%
Which paP>Independent 22%
Republican 16%
Which party better represents the interests of Hispanics?
Democratic 54%
Republican 16%
Neither 9%
Do you expect a Hispanic to be nominated for President or Vice President ...
... in 2008?
Yes 40%
No 53%
... in 2012?
Yes 54%
No 37%
President Bush�s job performance:
Approve 44%
Disapprove 45%
Was the U.S. right to go to war with Iraq?
Yes 34%
No 56%
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How important are these issues?
Education 95%
Jobs/economy 91%
Homeland security 87%
Environment 86%
Social Security reform 80%
Bilingual education 79%
Immigration 73%
Moral values 72%
U.S. policy toward Latin America 69%
Tax reform 66%
War in Iraq 65%
U.S. policy toward Cuba 35%
Would you like to see the Supreme Court uphold or overturn Roe v. Wade?
Uphold 42%
Overturn 45%
Should states be allowed to issue driver�s licenses to illegal immigrants?
Yes 62%
No 32%
This TIME poll was conducted by telephone July 28-Aug. 3 among 503 Latino adults throughout the U.S. by SRBI Public Affairs. Interviews were conducted in both English (60%) and Spanish (40%). Margin of error for the entire sample: approximately 5 percentage points. �Don�t know� omitted for some questions. Sources for �By the Numbers� statistics: Census Bureau, PewHispanicCenter
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Table of Contents
Aug. 22, 2005
TIME Poll of U.S. Hispanics
Inside America's Largest Minority
Influencing America
Shaping the main stream
George P. Bush
...The Bush to Watch
Cover Package
Intro
Alberto Gonzales
Mel Martinez
Lionel Sosa
Antonio Gonzalez
Antonio Villaraigosa
Cristina Saralegui
Gustavo Santaolalla
Robert Rodriguez
Alisa Valdes-Rodriguez
Anthony Romero
Arturo Moreno
George Lopez
Jennifer Lopez
Jorge Perez
Mari Carmen Ramirez
Narciso Rodriguez
Aida Giachello
Bill Richardson
Jorge Ramos
Pablo Alvarado
Mario Molina
Jose Gomez
Salma Hayek
Sara Martinez Tucker
Ysrael Seinuk
From the Aug. 22, 2005 issue of TIME magazine
Click here: TIME.com: Influencing America -- Page 1
http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1093645,00.html
Web Exclusive Nation
Influencing America
Hispanics aren't just in the mainstream, they're shaping it
By GUY GARCIA
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Posted Saturday, Aug. 13, 2005
In the blockbuster comedy Anchorman, a local TV news team led by Will Farrell has a West Side Story-style showdown with a rival news crew in an empty parking lot. Suddenly maracas and mariachi horns announce the arrival of yet another posse. As the Spanish language news team storms in waving machetes and whips, somebody remarks, "Well, it looks like we got ourselves a bi-lingual bloodfest."
The scene is played strictly for laughs, but the social awareness it draws upon is no joke. In Anchorman, as in real life, Spanish language TV is a force to be reckoned with, and its inclusion in a mainstream comedy film is a clear signal of its arrival as a player in American media. It is also a subtle reminder that the United States is in the midst of a socio-cultural shift that goes far beyond the fact that Univision, Telemundo, and other foreign language networks like them, have entered the national consciousness.
Only a decade ago it seemed that Hispanics in the United States would be doomed to perpetual marginalization. Latinos lagged behind whites, African Americans and Asians in income, buying power, education and health. Their image in the media�if it appeared at all�was generally relegated to gardeners, maids and barrio gangsters. When sales of salsa overtook ketchup in the early 1990s only Heinz seemed to care. Then came Ricky Martin and his bilingual anthem to "Living La Vida Loca." The song redefined urban pop and Latinos, almost overnight, became cool.
But it was the economic and demographic bombshell ticking under the pop culture surface that would bring the deepest change. When the 2000 U.S. census made it clear that Hispanics were poised to become the nation's largest minority, Latinos were thrust into the zeitgeist-visible, indelible, inevitable. The news that the buying power of Hispanics is overtaking that of African Americans and is growing faster than non-Hispanics has sparked a scramble by corporations to understand this huge lucrative market in its midst. The new color of money is brown, black, red, yellow and white. The U.S. consumer economy, in other words, is multicultural-and Latinos, for the first time, are leading the way.
Latinos have not just joined the mainstream; they are helping to define it. The prospect of a Latino U.S. President before the end of the century no longer seems farfetched. In fact, in a survey of Latinos for TIME, 54% of respondents said they believed "a Latino or Hispanic will be nominated for president or vice-president in 2012."
Which is not to say that Latinos no longer face prejudice and enormous social and economic hurdles. Nearly a quarter of all Latinos live in poverty; the high school drop out rate for Latino youths between the ages of 16 and 19 is 21%�more than triple that of non-Hispanic whites. Neo-nativists like Pat Buchanan and Samuel Huntington still argue that the "tsunami" of non-English speakers from Latin America will destroy everything that America stands for. Never mind that most Hispanics are religious, family-centric, enterprising and patriotic. In the TIME poll, 72% said they considered moral issues such as abortion and issues of faith important or very important. This year the government announced that undocumented workers were pouring billions into Social Security and Medicare for benefits that they would never be allowed to claim. Of the 27,000 troops serving in the US armed forces who are not US citizens, a large percentage are from Mexico and the rest of Latin America.
But the greatest argument against inflammatory xenophobes may come from economic trends that will shape the future of Mexico-U.S. relations. Experts point out that Mexico's population growth rate has plunged by more than 50 % during the last five decades, which will probably lead to rising incomes and demand for workers inside of Mexico. Already the percentage of first-generation immigrants in the total US Hispanic population is expected to drop from 40 % in 2000 to closer to a third by 2020, a decline of nearly 20 %. In other words, the forces that have driven emigration from Mexico-and the social pressures they have spawned in the US-may be on the verge of reversing themselves.
Latinos are comprised of many races and nationalities, speak several languages and span the socio-economic spectrum. They can be undocumented immigrants or descendents of families that were on American soil before founding of the republic. Their diversity binds them to each other and to all other Americans. The dreams of the old and new immigrants overlap and mirror each other, offering up myriad reflections of a mutually imagined America. When Christopher Columbus set foot on the shores of the New World, he described the natives as "young...well made with fine shapes and faces...Some paint themselves with black...others with white, others with red, and others with such colors as they can find." Columbus could have hardly foreseen that more than five hundred years later his description of Americans as a multicolored tribe inventing their identity from a dazzling palette of countless hues would ring uncannily true.
Guy Garcia is the author of "Skin Deep" and "The New Mainstream: How the Multicultural Consumer is Transforming American Business".
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